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Technical Writing 101: A Real-World Guide to Planning and Writing Technical Documentation


accelerator key

access

affect

allow

among vs. between

appear

appendix

backspace

bring up

button

cascading menu

check box

choose

click

consists of

criterion/criteria

data

database

data set

desire

desktop

desktop menu

double-click (verb)

drop-down list box

e.g.

effect

electronic mail

end user

enter

etc.

fewer vs. less

field

flipchart

gray vs. grey

hardcopy

healthcare

hit

home page

icon

ID

i.e.

impact

index

invoke

is designed to

keyboard shortcut

labeled vs. labelled

launch

lefthand

less vs. fewer

list box

main window

maximize button

may

menu

menu bar

menu choice

menu option

minimize button

modeled vs. modelled

multi (prefix)

online/on-line

onscreen/
on-screen

pane

parenthesis/
parentheses

pick (menu pick)

pre (prefix)

populate

pop-up menu

post (prefix)

press

pull-down

radio button

re (prefix)

reengineering

righthand

run time

screen

scroll bar

secondary window

select

slider

shortcut key

simple, simply

single-click

space bar

stand-alone

startup, start-up

status line

submenu

submenu choice

superuser

tab

their

toolbar

type

U.S.

utilize

web site

window control button

wish

workaround

workflow

 

accelerator key     back to top

Use keyboard shortcut.

access     back to top

Access, as a verb, is usually too general. Use a more specific word.

Problem: Access the application.

Example: Start the application.

affect     back to top

Affect is generally used as a verb.

Example: Changing weather affects my sinuses.

See effect.

allow     back to top

Avoid using allow when referring to software features.

Problem: The software allows you to adjust the color of a photo.

Example: Using the software, you can adjust the color of a photo.

among vs. between     back to top

Use between when describing two things.

Example: I couldn't decide between this and that.

Use among when describing three or more things.

Example: I couldn't decide among all these choices.

appear (verb)     back to top

Use is displayed instead of appears.

appendix--plural     back to top

Use appendixes instead of appendices.

Backspace (key name)     back to top

One word, no hyphen. Initial cap.

bring up (verb)     back to top

Use display or open instead of bring up.

button     back to top

Definition: A mechanism on a pointing device, such as a mouse, that users use to perform actions. A graphical device on the interface that lets the user perform an action with one click. See also radio button.

cascading menu     back to top

Use submenu.

check box     back to top

Two words. No hyphen.

Definition: A square, button-like box associated with a user-selectable option. When selected, the box may be filled, checked, contain an "x" or appear pushed in. Check boxes may be grouped together in a box with a title. More than one check box can be checked.

Example: Check the Clear All Change Bars check box.

choose     back to top

Avoid using choose. Select is usually more explicit.

click (verb)     back to top

Use click to describe mouse actions only. Use select to describe GUI actions.

Example: Click the right mouse button to display the pop-up menu.

consists of     back to top

Use has instead of consists of.

criterion/criteria     back to top

Criterion is singular; criteria are plural.

data (noun)     back to top

The word data is singular.

Example: Data is stored on tape.

database     back to top

One word. No space, no hyphen.

data set     back to top

Two words. No hyphen.

desire     back to top

There is no desire in technical documentation. Use want instead of desire.

desktop     back to top

The background on the screen where all windows and icons are displayed.

desktop menu     back to top

A list of choices displayed when the user clicks the right mouse button with the mouse pointer positioned on the desktop.

double-click (verb)     back to top

Hyphenate double-click when used as a verb.

Example: Double-click the left mouse button.

drop-down list box     back to top

Hyphenate. Drop-down may be omitted if there are no plain list boxes on the window.

Definition: A list box displayed on the GUI as a rectangle with an activation button on the right side. When users select this button, a list is displayed. After users select an item from the list, the list box collapses to a rectangle that displays the selection.

e.g.     back to top

Use for example instead of e.g.

effect     back to top

Effect is generally used as a noun.

Example: One effect of changing weather is aching sinuses.

See affect.

electronic mail (contraction)     back to top

Use email, no hyphen, no capital letter.

end user (noun)     back to top

Two words. No hyphen unless used as an adjective.

See also superuser.

enter (verb)     back to top

Use type for text that the user inputs.

Example: Type the name on the command line.

etc.     back to top

Use and so on or and the like instead of etc.

fewer vs. less     back to top

Use fewer when referring to specific numbers and measurements, and use less when referring to general amounts.

Examples:

If a customer orders fewer than 10 CDs but more than five, the customer receives a free CD. NOT: If a customer orders less than 10 CDs ...

It takes less time to fill orders when your company uses our application.

field     back to top

A part of the interface where users can type information to add data to or search a database.

flipchart     back to top

One word.

gray vs. grey     back to top

Gray is American English; grey is British. Use gray.

hardcopy     back to top

One word as an adjective; two words as a noun.

healthcare     back to top

One word.

hit (verb)     back to top

Use press or select instead of hit. Use press for keyboard actions and select for GUI operations.

Problem: Hit the Enter key.

Examples: Press Enter.
Select the File menu, then Open.

home page     back to top

Two words.

icon     back to top

Definition: A graphical representation of an object that users can select and open, such as a minimized application window.

ID     back to top

Use ID as the abbreviation for identification.

i.e.     back to top

Use that is instead of i.e.

impact     back to top

Do not use impact as a verb. Use affect instead.

index--plural     back to top

Use indexes instead of indices.

invoke     back to top

Use open or start instead of invoke.

Example: Start the screen saver by pressing Esc.

is designed to...     back to top

Do not use is designed to.

Problem: The software is designed to sort tables.

Example: The software sorts tables.

keyboard shortcut     back to top

A key or sequence of keys used to perform actions like displaying menus or dismissing windows.

labeled, labeling vs. labelled, labelling     back to top

Use labeled and labeling.

launch     back to top

Avoid using launch. Use start or open when appropriate.

Problem: Launch the application.

Example: Start the application.

lefthand     back to top

Use left.

less vs. fewer     back to top

See fewer vs. less.

list box     back to top

Two words. List is also acceptable.

Definition: A box containing a list of items users can select.

See also drop-down list box.

main window     back to top

Do not use main window.

maximize button     back to top

Definition: The button that is in the top right corner of the window and is to the right of the minimize button. It expands a window to its maximum size.

may (auxiliary verb)     back to top

May implies permission. Use can when appropriate.

menu     back to top

Use menus, not menu bar.

Definition: A list from which the user can select choices to execute associated commands.

menu bar     back to top

Do not use menu bar.

Problem: Select File from the menu bar and choose Open.

Example: Select the File menu, then Open.

menu choice     back to top

Use menu choice for items listed on menus, not menu pick or menu option.

menu option     back to top

Use choice for things on menus.

minimize button     back to top

Definition: The button that is in the top right corner of the window and is to the left of the maximize button. It reduces a window to an icon.

modeled, modeling vs. modelled, modelling     back to top

Use modeled and modeling.

multi (prefix)     back to top

No hyphen. See The Chicago Manual of Style for exceptions.

Example: multimedia, multitasking

online/on-line     back to top

Use online, no hyphen.

onscreen/on-screen     back to top

Use onscreen, no hyphen.

pane     back to top

An area of the window used to group window items by function. Panes are often enclosed by a titled box or shading that makes the pane appear raised.

parenthesis/parentheses     back to top

Parenthesis is singular; parentheses is plural. Usually used in plural form.

pick (menu pick)     back to top

Use choice for things on menus.

populate (verb)     back to top

Avoid in user documentation and in training materials. Use display, or rewrite the sentence.

Use of populate in system documentation is acceptable.

post (prefix)     back to top

No hyphen. See The Chicago Manual of Style for exceptions.

pop-up menu     back to top

A menu that is displayed when the user right-clicks on a designated part of the interface, such as the desktop menu.

pre (prefix)     back to top

No hyphen. See The Chicago Manual of Style for exceptions.

Example: predefined

 

press (verb)     back to top

Use press for keyboard actions. Use select for GUI actions.

Example: Press Enter to continue.

Example: Select the Apply button.

pull-down     back to top

Do not use pull-down menu, just menu. (All menus are pull-down menus--unless they're pop-up menus.) Use drop-down for lists.

radio button     back to top

Definition: A round button assigned to a user-selectable option. Only one button in a group of radio buttons can be selected. Radio buttons may be grouped together by type. If they are displayed in a box with a title, the box should not be called a pane.

Example: On the ChangeAddress window, select one of the Requested By radio buttons.

Problem: From the Requested By pane, select the Customer radio button.
Example: Select the Requested By Customer radio button.

re (prefix)     back to top

No hyphen, unless the word is confusing without it.

reengineering     back to top

One word. No hyphen.

righthand     back to top

Use right.

run time     back to top

As a noun, use two words. Hyphenate when using as an adjective.

screen     back to top

Use screen only to describe the panel on the front of the monitor. Always use window to describe a part of the GUI.

scroll bar     back to top

Two words.

secondary window     back to top

Do not use.

select (verb)     back to top

Use for GUI actions. Use press for keyboard actions. Use click only to describe using a mouse button.

Example: Select the Apply button.

Example: Press Enter to continue.

shortcut key     back to top

Use keyboard shortcut.

simple, simply     back to top

Do not use simple or simply to describe a feature or step.

single-click     back to top

Use click instead of single-click.

slider     back to top

Use to describe the GUI object that the user slides back and forth to adjust a numeric value.

space bar     back to top

Use space bar to refer to the space bar on the keyboard.

stand-alone     back to top

Hyphenated.

startup, start-up     back to top

Noun form is one word: "The configuration file is read at startup."

Adjectival form is hyphenated: "The names are in the start-up file."

Note that the verb form should be start, not start up.

status line     back to top

Definition: An area of the window that displays system messages. The status line may be part of a toolbar or it may stand alone.

If there are buttons on either side of the status line, only the area where messages are displayed is called a status line. The buttons and status line together are called a toolbar.

submenu     back to top

A menu that you select from another menu. The menu choice with an arrow beside it is the submenu name.

Example: From the Group menu, select the List submenu, then By Skills.

submenu choice     back to top

A choice you select from a submenu.

Example: From the Group menu, select the List submenu, then By Skills.

superuser     back to top

One word. See also end user.

tab     back to top

Definition: A part of the interface that looks like the name area on a file folder. It is used to group window items by function. When the user selects a tab, it is displayed in front of all other tabs.

their     back to top

Do not use as gender-neutral singular. Instead, rewrite the sentence so that it doesn't require a pronoun, or make it plural. See also gender.

Problem: When the user looks at their screen, they crash the system.

Example: Look at your screen to crash the system.

Example: When users look at their screens, they crash the system.

toolbar     back to top

One word.

Definition: Toolbars have one or more buttons and may include other window items such as status lines and fields.

type     back to top

Use type instead of enter.

Example: Type your name to start the program.

U.S.     back to top

Always put periods in the abbreviation for United States.

utilize     back to top

Use use instead of utilize.

user name

Two words. No caps. If interface shows term as one word, use one word.

web site

Two words.

window control button     back to top

All lowercase.

Definition: This button, in the upper left corner of most windows, displays a list of window control choices

wish (verb)     back to top

Use want instead of wish.

workaround     back to top

One word. No hyphen.

workflow     back to top

One word. No hyphen.

Copyright © 1997-2001 Scriptorium Publishing Services, Inc. All rights reserved.
Last update: May 29, 2001.
Maintained by Alan Pringle.